How to Become a CNA
A complete step-by-step guide to becoming a Certified Nursing Assistant. From training programs to certification, start your healthcare career in as little as 4-12 weeks.
Meet Basic Requirements
ImmediateBefore enrolling in a CNA training program, ensure you meet these prerequisites.
Requirements:
- Be at least 16-18 years old (varies by state)
- Have a high school diploma or GED (some states waive this)
- Pass a criminal background check
- Be able to pass a drug screening
- Have proof of immunizations (TB test, Hepatitis B)
- Be physically able to perform patient care duties
Complete a State-Approved CNA Training Program
4-12 weeksEnroll in a training program that meets your state requirements.
Community College
6-12 weeks
Comprehensive programs with flexible schedules. Often the most affordable option.
Vocational School
4-8 weeks
Accelerated programs focused on getting you certified quickly.
Healthcare Facility
2-6 weeks
Free training programs offered by nursing homes and hospitals in exchange for work commitment.
Training Hour Requirements:
Complete Clinical Training Hours
Included in programGain hands-on experience providing patient care under supervision.
Skills You Will Learn:
Pass the Competency Exam
2-4 hoursThe nurse aide competency exam has two parts that you must pass.
Written or Oral Test
Skills Evaluation
Commonly Tested Skills:
Apply for State Certification
1-4 weeksAfter passing your exam, apply to be added to your state nurse aide registry.
Requirements:
- Completed application form
- Proof of passing competency exam
- Background check results
- Application fee ($10-$100 depending on state)
Start Your CNA Career
OngoingBegin working and consider your long-term career goals.
Where CNAs Work:
Career Development:
- Gain experience in different care settings
- Pursue specialized certifications (geriatric, phlebotomy, EKG)
- Consider advancing to LPN/LVN or RN
- Maintain your certification with required work hours
Requirements Vary by State
Each state sets its own CNA training requirements, exam procedures, and registry rules. Training hours range from 75 to 180 depending on your state.
Get Paid While Training
Many healthcare facilities offer free CNA training programs. In exchange for a commitment to work at the facility after certification (usually 6-12 months), they cover all training costs and may even pay you during the program.
Search for "CNA training" at nursing homes, hospitals, and long-term care facilities in your area. Many post these opportunities on job boards like Indeed.
CNA Career Advancement
Your CNA certification is a stepping stone to higher nursing credentials and better pay.
CNA (Current)
$36,000/year median salary
Entry-level healthcare position with hands-on patient care experience.
LPN/LVN
$55,000/year median salary
1 year of training. Administer medications, wound care, IV therapy (some states).
Registered Nurse (RN)
$86,000/year median salary
2-4 years of education. Full nursing scope including assessments, care planning, patient education.
Nurse Practitioner (NP)
$125,000/year median salary
Master's or doctoral degree. Diagnose, prescribe, independent practice in many states.