How to Become an LPN

A complete step-by-step guide to becoming a Licensed Practical Nurse. Start your nursing career in as little as 12 months with this practical, in-demand credential.

Timeline: 12-18 months
Total Cost: $5,000-$16,000
Median Salary: $59,730
LPN vs LVN: Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) and Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN) are the same role. Texas and California use "LVN" while 48 other states use "LPN." The education, exam, and scope of practice are identical.
6
Steps to License
85%
NCLEX-PN Pass Rate
$60K
Median Salary
+6%
Job Growth (2022-32)
1

Meet Basic Requirements

Immediate

Before enrolling in an LPN program, ensure you meet the prerequisites.

Requirements:

  • Be at least 18 years old (17 in some states)
  • High school diploma or GED
  • Satisfactory background check
  • Basic math and reading proficiency
  • Current immunizations (Hepatitis B, TB test, etc.)
  • CPR/BLS certification (some programs)
Pro Tip: Some programs have competitive admissions. Strengthen your application with healthcare volunteer experience or CNA certification.
2

Complete an Approved LPN Program

12-18 months

Enroll in a state-approved practical nursing program.

Certificate/Diploma Program

12-14 months

Vocational schools, community colleges

Most common path. Focused curriculum with clinical rotations.

Associate Degree (LPN)

18-24 months

Community colleges

Includes general education. May offer easier RN bridge pathway.

Typical Coursework:

Anatomy and Physiology
Pharmacology
Nursing Fundamentals
Medical-Surgical Nursing
Pediatric Nursing
Maternal-Child Nursing
Mental Health Nursing
Geriatric Nursing

Plus 400-800 hours of supervised clinical experience

Program Costs:

Range: $4,000 - $15,000

Community colleges are typically most affordable

Pro Tip: Verify your program is approved by your state board of nursing. Unapproved programs will not qualify you for licensure.
3

Apply to Your State Board of Nursing

1-2 weeks

Submit your licensure application to your state nursing board.

Requirements:

  • Completed application form
  • Official transcripts from nursing program
  • Proof of identity (government ID)
  • Application fee ($75-$200)
  • Passport-style photos (some states)
Pro Tip: Many states allow you to apply before graduation. Start the process early to avoid delays.
4

Complete Background Check

2-4 weeks

All states require criminal background checks for LPN licensure.

Program Costs:

Range: $50 - $100

Fees vary by state and vendor

Background Check Includes:

  • Electronic fingerprinting
  • State criminal database check
  • FBI national criminal check
  • Sex offender registry check
  • Abuse registry check (some states)

Cost: [object Object]

Pro Tip: Having a criminal history doesn't automatically disqualify you. Contact your state board to discuss your specific situation before investing in education.
5

Pass the NCLEX-PN Examination

5 hours maximum

Take and pass the computerized adaptive test for practical nurses.

NCLEX-PN Exam Details:

Questions
85-205 questions
Time Limit
Up to 5 hours
Format
Computer adaptive testing (CAT)
Pass Rate
First-time pass rate: ~85%

Exam Content Distribution:

  • Safe and Effective Care Environment (26-38%)
  • Health Promotion and Maintenance (6-12%)
  • Psychosocial Integrity (9-15%)
  • Physiological Integrity (38-62%)

How to Register:

  1. 1 Apply to state board and receive eligibility confirmation
  2. 2 Register with Pearson VUE at pearsonvue.com/nclex
  3. 3 Pay the $200 examination fee
  4. 4 Receive Authorization to Test (ATT) via email
  5. 5 Schedule exam at a Pearson VUE testing center
Pro Tip: Your ATT is valid for 90 days. Schedule promptly. Focus study on pharmacology, priority setting, and delegation.
6

Receive Your LPN License

1-2 weeks after passing

Your state will issue your license once exam results are verified.

After You're Licensed:

  • Verify license status on your state board website
  • Print license verification for employers
  • Note your renewal date (usually every 2 years)
  • Complete continuing education as required
  • Consider specialty certifications (IV therapy, wound care)
Pro Tip: Pay $7.95 for "quick results" through Pearson VUE to get unofficial results 48 hours after your exam.

LPN Salary Overview

LPNs earn competitive salaries with room for growth through experience and specialization.

$59,730
Median Annual Salary
$45,000 - $75,000
Typical Range

Highest Paying States for LPNs:

1 California
$73,200
2 Massachusetts
$68,900
3 Alaska
$68,500
4 Washington
$67,400
5 Nevada
$64,100

What Does an LPN Do?

LPNs provide direct patient care under the supervision of RNs and physicians.

Core Responsibilities

  • Take and record vital signs
  • Administer medications
  • Wound care and dressing changes
  • Collect samples for testing
  • Insert catheters and feeding tubes

Work Settings

  • Nursing homes and long-term care (38%)
  • Hospitals (15%)
  • Home health services (13%)
  • Physician offices (12%)
  • Rehabilitation centers

Advance Your Career Beyond LPN

Many LPNs use their license as a stepping stone to higher nursing credentials.

LPN RN

LPN-to-RN Bridge Programs

Transition to registered nursing in 12-18 months with an LPN-to-RN bridge program. Your LPN experience gives you a head start with accelerated coursework.

12-18
Months
+45%
Salary Increase
More
Opportunities
Learn about becoming an RN

LPN Requirements Vary by State

Each state has specific requirements for LPN licensure. Check your state's nursing board for exact requirements including fees, background check procedures, and renewal rules.

View LPN/LVN Requirements by State